KAIDAH TA’ARUDH AL-ADILLAH DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP KRITIK MATAN HADIS
Abstract
The phenomenon of apparent contradiction between Quranic verses and hadiths, as well as among hadiths of equal legal weight, represents an important methodological challenge in Islamic legal studies. Without a systematic resolution framework, researchers risk drawing inconsistent or erroneous legal conclusions. This study analyzes the application of the rule of taʾāruḍ al-adillah in matn (textual) criticism of hadith, examining its influence on determining textual authenticity and validity, as well as its implications for the development of fiqh al-Ḥadīth. Using a descriptive-analytical qualitative method through a literature review of scientific journals in the fields of Usul al-Fiqh and Hadith sciences, the findings show that taʾāruḍ al-adillah provides a hierarchical methodological framework consisting of four main methods: reconciliation (al-jamʿ wa al-tawfīq) as the primary priority, usul fikih (textual preference), nāsikh wa mansūkh (abrogation), and tawaqquf (suspension of judgment). The application of this rule not only resolves conflicting evidence systematically, but also strengthens epistemological standards, fosters intellectual dialogue among scholars, and enriches the verified hadith corpus. This study recommends that future research integrate this classical methodological framework with contemporary interdisciplinary approaches—historical, anthropological, and empirical—to ensure the relevance of hadith textual criticism in addressing religious issues in the modern era.
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